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Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer in United States men and the second leading cause of cancer related deaths. It was estimated that in 2006 234,460 men were diagnosed with, and 27,350 men died of prostate cancer. The lifetime risk for a man in the United States to be diagnosed with prostate cancer is 1 in 6. All men can get prostate cancer but those with a family history and African American men are at a substantially greater risk. Although the exact cause of prostate cancer is not known it has been suggested the high fat diets are associated with increased prostate cancer risk while diet rich in fish and fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk. Prostate cancer tends to more aggressive in African American’s and obese men. |
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Most cancers are named after the part of the body where the cancer first starts. Kidney cancer begins in the kidneys, 2 large, bean-shaped organs. One is just to the left and the other to the right of the backbone. The lower rib cage protects the kidneys. The kidneys filter the blood and help the body get rid of excess water, salt, and waste products in the form of urine. Urine travels through long tubes (ureters) to the bladder where it is stored until the person passes the urine, or urinates. |
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The wall of the bladder has several layers. Cancer begins in the lining layer and grows into the bladder wall. As the cancer grows deeper into the layers of the wall of the bladder, it becomes harder to treat. The inside of the bladder is lined with a layer of cells called urothelial cells. The same type of cells also lines the kidneys, the tubes connecting the kidneys to the bladder (ureters), and the urethra. Cancer can begin in the lining cells in any of these structures which are part of the urinary system. |
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